The first type is like a simple "single-leg support" with a triangular "foot brace." It's mostly made of durable steel, with higher-end models using lighter aluminum alloys. It has many advantages: it's inexpensive, saves space, and is easy and quick to repair. It's especially suitable for front-wheel-drive family cars, like the Toyota Corolla and Volkswagen Lavida, where the front wheels largely rely on it.
Another type is the multi-link suspension, which allows the wheels to better contact the ground, improving handling and comfort.
The double wishbone suspension is also good, with strong anti-roll capabilities, and is often used in high-performance cars.
Active suspension, developed in the last decade or so, is computer-controlled and automatically adjusts the suspension based on data such as vehicle speed and braking pressure. It's a more complex and high-tech device.
Non-independent suspension: The structural feature of this suspension system is that the wheels on both sides are connected by a solid axle, and the wheels, along with the axle, are suspended from the frame or body by an elastic suspension system. Non-independent suspension systems have advantages such as simple structure, low cost, high strength, easy maintenance, and minimal changes in front wheel alignment during driving. However, due to their poor comfort and handling stability, they are basically no longer used in modern passenger cars and are mostly used in trucks and buses.
Independent suspension: In an independent suspension system, each wheel is individually suspended from the frame or body by an elastic suspension system. Its advantages include: lighter weight, reduced impact on the vehicle body, and improved wheel traction; the ability to use softer springs with lower stiffness, improving ride comfort; lower engine position, which lowers the center of gravity and improves driving stability; and independent wheel movement, reducing body roll and vibration. However, independent suspension systems have disadvantages such as complex structure, high cost, and inconvenient maintenance. Their complexity also encroaches on some interior passenger space. Most modern passenger cars use independent suspension systems, which can be further classified into transverse arm, longitudinal arm, multi-link, swivel, and MacPherson strut suspension systems, depending on their structural form.
